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The exponential growth of Electronic Commerce

Introduction

Electronic Commerce Defined

The Internet now provides a set of interconnected networks for individuals and businesses to complete transactions electronically. We define electronic commerce very broadly as the online exchange of goods, services, and money' among firms, between firms and their cus­tomers, and between customers. The Census Bureau of the Department of Commerce reported that annual online retail sales were up by 23 percent and that e-commerce accounted for 2.7 percent of total retail sales in the second quarter of 2006, resulting in revenues of more than $24.8 billion for that quarter. With this much money at stake, it is little wonder that no other information systems issue has captured as much attention as has EC. Although EC was being used as far back as 1948 during the Berlin Airlift (Zwass, 1996), the emergence of the Internet and Web has fueled a revolution in the manner in which products and services are marketed and sold. Their far-reaching effects have led to the creation of an electronic mar­ketplace where a virtually limitless array of new services, features, and functionality can be offered. As a result, a presence on the Web has become a strategic necessity for companies.

 Review of literature

Types of E-commerce

Contrary to popular belief, EC goes beyond merely buying and selling products online. EC can involve the events leading up to the purchase of a product as well as customer service after the sale. Furthermore, EC is not limited to transactions between businesses and consumers, which is known as business-to-consumer (B2C) EC. EC is also used to conduct business with business partners such as suppliers and intermediaries. This form of EC is commonly referred to as business-to-business (B2B) EC. Some companies use both forms for conducting business, such as the clothing and home furnishing retailer Eddie Bauer, while other firms concentrate solely in B2C or B2B. Some forms of EC happen between businesses and their employees; these are referred to as business-to-employee (B2E). Some forms of EC do not even involve business firms, as would be the case with an online auction site such as eBay; these forms of EC are referred to as consumer-to-consumer (C2C). Finally, there are forms of electronic commerce that involve a country's government and its citizens (government-to-citizen [G2C]), businesses (government-to-business [G2B]), and other governments (government-to-government [G2G]). Furthermore, there is a wide variety of ways to conduct business in each arena. In the following section, we examine the reasons that Web-based EC is revolutionizing the way business is being done. This is followed by an in-depth analysis of how companies are uti­lizing EC in their daily operations.

A-    Internet and World Wide Web Capabilities

Technological forces are driving business, and the Internet and Web emerged as a strong new agent of change. The resulting technological revolution has essentially broken down the barriers to entry, leveled the playing field, and propelled commerce into the electronic domain (Looney and Chatterjee, 2002). Companies are exploiting the capabilities of the Web to reach a wider customer base, offer a broader range of products, and develop closer relationships with customers by striving to meet their unique needs. These wide-ranging capabilities include global information dissemination, integration, mass customization, interactive communication, collaboration, and transactional support (Chatterjee and Sambamurthy, 1999; Looney and Chatterjee, 2002).

 

      Global information dissemination The powerful combination of Internet and Web technologies has given rise to a global platform where firms from across the world can effectively compete for customers and gain access to new markets. EC has wide geographical potential, given that many countries have at least some type of Internet access. The worldwide connectivity of the Internet enables global information dissemination, a relatively economical medium for firms to market their products and services over vast distances. This increased geographical reach has been facilitated by virtual storefronts that can be accessed from every Web-enabled computer in the world.

Integration Web technologies also allow for integration of information via Web sites, which can be linked to corporate databases to provide real-time access to personalized information. No longer must customers rely on old information from printed catalogs or account statements that arrive in the mail once a month. For example, when Alaska Airlines (www.alaskaair.com) updates fare information in their corporate database, customers can access the revisions as they occur simply by browsing the company's Web site. As with nearly every other major airline, the Web allows Alaska Airlines to disseminate real-time fare pricing. This is particularly important for companies operating in highly competitive environments such as the air transport industry. Furthermore, Alaska Airlines offers their valued customers the ability to check the balances of their frequent flier accounts, linking customers to information stored on the firm's corporate database. Customers do not have to wait for monthly statements to see if they are eligible for travel benefits and awards.

 Mass customization Web technologies are also helping firms realize their goal of mass customization. Mass customization helps firms tailor their products and services to meet a customer's particular needs on a large scale. For instance, bag manufacturer Timbuk2 (www.Timbuk2.com) has developed an application called Custom Messenger Bag Builder, which allows customers to create a virtual bag that is modeled just for them (see Customers can configure the virtual bag based on a number of criteria such as size, fabrics, colors, accessories, and even use (e.g., for carrying a laptop). The virtual model application also assists Timbuk2 in tracking customers' preferred styles and colors, allowing them to target marketing efforts to individual customers.

Interactive communication via the Web enables firms to build customer loyalty by providing immediate communication and feedback to/from customers, which can dramatically improve the firm's image through demonstrated responsiveness. Many firms are augmenting telephone-based ordering and customer support with Web-based applications and electronic mail. In some cases, online chat applications are provided to allow customers to communicate with a customer service representative in real time through the corporate Web site.

Best Buy, for example, has entered into the computer repair and support business with their brand Geek Squad Traditionally, customers having computer problems would have to take their computer to a Best Buy store for repair. Geek Squad online (www.geeksquad.com) has implemented a feature whereby customers can contact customer support representatives at any time of the day to receive real-time online support. Support options include operation system diagnostics, software installation issues. and computer opti­mization, and interactive communication agents aid the customers online in real time. This feature allows the customer service agent to walk the customer through the troubleshooting process step-by-step while the customer is at home. This customer-driven approach far outdis­tances traditional, no electronic means in terms of tailoring and timeliness.

Collaboration Web technologies can also enable collaboration. The entertainment media company Virgin Entertainment Group, which runs 23 megastores throughout the United States, selling music, DVDs, and books, was looking for a way to maximize the time managers would spend selling products on the floor or training employees. Before they decided to implement a Web-based collaboration system, managers would spend countless

 hours trying to locate inventory information for the head office, while at the same time employees in the head office would respond to literally hundreds of e-mails asking the same questions. After the introduction of Microsoft SharePoint, a Web-based collaboration suite, Virgin's managers can now spend up to 20 percent more of their times on efforts to sell products, while at the same time employees at the head office have substantially more time to devote to operational oversight or strategic planning (Microsoft, 2004).

Transactional  support By providing ways for clients and firms to conduct business online without human assistance, the Internet and Web have greatly reduced transaction costs while enhancing operational efficiency. Many companies, such as Dell Computer Corporation, are utilizing the Web to provide automated transaction support. Dell began selling computers on the Web in mid-1996. By early 1998, Dell was experiencing around $2 million in online sales per day. Dell derives about 90 percent of its overall revenues from sales to medium-size and large businesses, yet more than half of its Web-based sales have been from individuals and small businesses that typically buy one computer at a time. As a result, Dell is experiencing significant cost savings per sale by reducing the demand for phone representatives on the smaller purchases. Individual customers can access product information at any time from anywhere, benefiting not only the end consumer but also Dell. Customer service representatives can focus on lucrative corporate customers, reducing labor costs involved in servicing small-ticket items.

 Why e-Commerce

 

Because technology is different and more powerful than other technology, in addition, it has challenge much traditional business thinking, and has number of unique features that help explain why we have so much interest in e-commerce. E-Commerce is growing so fast because of its quickness-whereas in years gone by pc plc would send a cheque to the company and then the company would cash the cheque hekni dispatching the goods we can now use instant transactions to transfer money from account to account in a number of seconds. Another popular factor of ecommerce is its wide availability - people from everywhere can buy- not just those the company can afford to send a leaflet to, also it means that the internet can be  used an extra income for your spare time.

 E-Commerce is very low maintenance. You just have to wait for people to buy and then send the goods; sample as!!!

 

E-commerce in developing Countries:

 

 E-commerce arguably has a potential to add a higher value to businesses and consumers in developing countries than in developed countries. Yet most developing country-based enterprises have failed to reap the benefits offered by modern information and communications technologies (ICTs). Some business models have emerged that overcome e-commerce barriers in developing countries. Yet in e-commerce journals, the developing world has received surprisingly scant attention. There are a very few analytical e-commerce studies in the developing world settings. Moreover, empirical evidence in the developing world lags behind theoretical development. There have been calls for research on developing country-based enterprises' e-commerce strategy.

E-business continues to grow vigorously in developed countries, but divergences are surfacing among developing countries, says E-commerce and Development Report 2003, released today. More and more governments and businesses in the developing world are nonetheless beginning to eliminate obstacles to the adoption of information and communications technologies (ICT). While the immediate effects are not necessarily dramatic, the Report predicts that improvements in the e-business environment should eventually result in productivity gains in these economies. At the same time, many other developing countries still face difficulties in identifying and realizing the potential benefits of ICT and the Internet for their economic development.

In terms of Internet use, developing countries continue to grow faster than developed countries: at the end of 2002, they accounted for 32% of the world´s 591 million Internet users, up from 28% the previous year, and could well represent 50% by 2008. These estimates, although far from ideal, provide a reasonably good indication of whether the foundations of a "digital economy" exist in a given country. Countries where such foundations do exist - whose governments have pushed the development of the information society early on (such as Japan, Malaysia, Singapore and the US) - have benefited from ICT much earlier, the Report finds. But for developing countries to catch up with ICT developments globally, they must be committed at the highest political level, must pay attention to implementation issues and must strike the proper balance between the roles of the public and private sector in ICT development.

As to what the spread of ICT will mean for national economic performance, the Report concludes that it has a positive impact on all factors affecting productivity and underpins growth in several countries where the technology really penetrated. Systematic empirical evidence on developing countries is still not abundant, but many useful lessons can be drawn from available experience. Governments should, for example, encourage greater understanding of best practices in the use of ICT so that the best possible choices can be made. They should implement policies to facilitate greater access to low-cost, high-bandwidth Internet connections and the use of affordable software. And they should play a leading role in addressing skill deficiencies in the workforce through training and education. UNCTAD recommends that the development and adoption of ICT in developing countries should follow a multi-stakeholder approach, including public-private partnerships, alliances and consortia.

Contrary to what might be expected, the Report finds that no direct linkage can be established between a country´s income level and Internet usage rates. Internet penetration rates in developing countries with comparable income levels vary by as much as 25 times. While developing countries share many challenges in their efforts to participate in the information society, such factors as levels of awareness, the vitality of civil society, and the priority that government, business and other social agents give to these challenges (and the policy choices they make) matter as much as the availability of financial resources.

The Report notes that the Web is growing rapidly in terms of active sites, whose numbers rose by 17% last year. The number of Internet protocol (IP) addresses using some kind of scripting language - indicating higher levels of interactivity - also mounted, by 52.1%. Similarly, the 14% increase in the number of sites using the secure sockets layer (SSL) protocol points to the continued expansion of business-oriented sites, which require secure transaction capabilities.

Internet hosts are heavily concentrated in the developed world: North America and Europe account for 89% of all hosts worldwide, and their numbers are growing faster than in the developing countries. But industrial countries account for an even higher concentration of Internet users: last year there were nearly 1,000 times more Internet hosts per 10,000 people in North America than in all of Africa. Thus, little content is hosted in developing countries. Hosting content in a developed country may, however, be the best option for some enterprises in developing countries, UNCTAD says: it may be easier to host information about a tourist destination, for example, on a server located close to where the potential tourists reside.

 

Main Finding

 

Part 1: Advantages of Ecommerce for Producers in Developing Countries

Business-to-business (B2B) e-commerce is widely believed to promise a radical change in the way that firms trade with one another. B2B e-commerce applications are being promoted as tools that will enable producer firms in developing countries to reduce their costs substantially, thereby easing their access to global markets. The vision of B2B e-commerce is driven by a simple idea that, the Internet provides an open global network and access to this network is relatively cheap. Internet-based B2B e-commerce should help producers in developing countries obtain better information on global markets and give them direct access to new customers. In developing countries, producer and benefit from low labor cost, enable lower price even on the already averaged low price most of the internet products. Also, Just- in- time (JIT) inventory system can be optimized, and fast payment

The e-commerce will provide producers in developing countries some unique advantages include:

A). Operate in universal standards

There are three benefits for producer who work in universal standards are:

1. Reduced search costs for consumers
2. Becomes simpler, faster, with more accurate price discovery
3. Lower market entry costs for merchants

B).Great transactions in terms of richness.

Traditional transactions can provide more richness in terms of face-to-face service including visual and aural cues. However, traditional transactions are limited in terms of how many people can be reached at a single time. Online transactions, which can be global in reach, can provide content that is both complex and rich, overcoming the traditional trade-off between reach and richness. Producers in developing countries get access to the global marketplace. The Internet spans the world, and it is possible to do business with any business or person who is connected to the Internet. Simple local businesses such as specialist record stores are able to market and sell their offerings internationally using e-commerce. This global opportunity is assisted by the fact that, unlike traditional communications methods, users are not charged according to the distance over which they are communicating.

C). Interactivity:

E-commerce allows the producers in developing countries to have two-way communication between them, and the consumer as well as their affiliate supplier. Speed electronic communications allow messages to traverse the world almost instantaneously. There is no need to wait weeks for a catalogue to arrive by post: that communications delay is not a part of the Internet / e-commerce world.

d). Information density:

The total amount and quality of information available to all producers in developing countries is vastly increased and is cheaper to deliver.

E). Personalization/Customization:

 E-commerce technologies enable producers in developing countries to target their marketing messages to a person's name, interests and past purchases. E-commerce allows producers in developing countries to change their products or services to suit the purchasing behaviour and preferences of consumers.

F). Global Reach:

The potential market size is roughly equal to the size of the online population of the world. The products and services producers in developing countries have will be available just about everywhere and at all times. Producers in developing countries will be able to conduct business 24 x 7 x 365. E-commerce systems can operate all day every day. The physical storefront does not need to be open in order for customers and suppliers to be doing business with producers electronically. In brief, it is useful to take a global view with regard the potential and organisation e-commerce activities, especially if producers in developing countries are targeting global customers. The Internet provides an important new channel to sell to consumers. Peterson et al. (1999) suggest that, as a marketing channel, the Internet has the following characteristics:

1)      The ability to inexpensively store vast amounts of information at different virtual locations,

2)      The availability of powerful and inexpensive means of searching, organising, and disseminating such information

3)      Interactivity and the ability to provide information on demand ,

4)      The ability to provide perceptual experiences that are far superior to a printed catalogue, although not as rich as personal inspection.

5)      The capability to serve as a transaction medium,

6)      The ability to serve as a physical distribution medium for certain goods (e.g., software)

7)      Relatively low entry and establishment costs for sellers

8)      No other existing marketing channel possesses all of these characteristics.

 Part 2: Constraints Do They Face in Intensifying in the Usage of the Method.

The key question is: does the implementation of Internet-based B2B or e-commerce actually lead to new trading opportunities for producer firms in developing countries? Some of the hype has gone out of the Internet debate, but policy makers and development assistance organisations continue to have a very optimistic view about the potential of the Internet and information and communication technologies (ICTs), more generally. They are concentrating on removing the obstacles that hold back the use of ICTs by developing country firms. Helping these firms to bridge the ‘digital divide' and take advantage of ‘digital opportunities' is a very high priority. Some constrains are related to the level of ICT and the advances in telecommunication in those developing countries.

Also the availability of cyber law, availability of fast modern logistic services , availability of e-commerce affiliated partner, availability of e-commerce expertise, and availability of the ecommerce acceptance by consumers in Developing countries.

 Some disadvantages and constraints of e-commerce include the following:

A). Time for delivery of physical products.

 It is possible to visit a local music store and walk out with a compact disc or a bookstore and leave with a book. E-commerce is often used to buy goods that are not available locally from businesses all over the world, meaning that physical goods need to be delivered, which takes time and costs money. In some cases there are ways around this, for example, with electronic files of the music or books being accessed across the Internet, but then these are not physical goods.

B). Physical product, supplier & delivery uncertainty.

 When you walk out of a shop with an item, it's yours. You have it; you know what it is, where it is and how it looks. In some respects e-commerce purchases are made on trust. This is because, firstly, not having had physical access to the product, a purchase is made on an expectation of what that product is and its condition. Secondly, because supplying businesses can be conducted across the world, it can be uncertain whether or not they are legitimate businesses and are not just going to take your money. It's pretty hard to knock on their door to complain or seek legal recourse! Thirdly, even if the item is sent, it is easy to start wondering whether or not it will ever arrive.

C). Perishable goods.

Goods bought and sold via the Internet tend to be durable and non-perishable: they need to survive the trip from the supplier to the purchasing business or consumer. This shifts the bias for perishable and/or non-durable goods back towards traditional supply chain arrangements, or towards relatively more local e-commerce-based purchases, sales and distribution. In contrast, durable goods can be traded from almost anyone to almost anyone else, sparking competition for lower prices. In some cases this leads to disintermediation in which intermediary people and businesses are bypassed by consumers and by other businesses that are seeking to purchase more directly from manufacturers.

D). Limited and selected sensory information

 The Internet is an effective conduit for visual and auditory information: seeing pictures, hearing sounds and reading text. However it does not allow full scope for our senses: we can see pictures of the flowers, but not smell their fragrance; we can see pictures of a hammer, but not feel its weight or balance. Further, when we pick up and inspect something, we choose what we look at and how we look at it. This is not the case on the Internet. If we were looking at buying a car on the Internet, we would see the pictures the seller had chosen for us to see but not the things we might look for if we were able to see it in person. And, taking into account our other senses, we can't test the car to hear the sound of the engine as it changes gears or sense the smell and feel of the leather seats. There are many ways in which the Internet does not convey the richness of experiences of the world. This lack of sensory information means that people are often much more comfortable buying via the Internet generic goods - things that they have seen or experienced before and about which there is little ambiguity, rather than unique or complex things.

E). Returning goods

 Returning goods online can be an area of difficulty. The uncertainties surrounding the initial payment and delivery of goods can be exacerbated in this process. Will the goods get back to their source? Who pays for the return postage? Will the refund be paid? Will I be left with nothing? How long will it take? Contrast this with the offline experience of returning goods to a shop.

F). Privacy, security, payment, identity, contract

 Many issues arise - privacy of information, security of that information and payment details, whether or not payment details (eg credit card details) will be misused, identity theft, contract, and, whether we have one or not, what laws and legal jurisdiction apply.

G). Defined services & the unexpected

 E-commerce is an effective means for managing the transaction of known and established services, that is, things that are everyday. It is not suitable for dealing with the new or unexpected. For example, a transport company used to dealing with simple packages being asked if it can transport a hippopotamus, or a customer asking for a book order to be wrapped in blue and white polka dot paper with a bow. Such requests need human intervention to investigate and resolve.

 

 

H). Personal service

Although some human interaction can be facilitated via the web, e-commerce cannot provide the richness of interaction provided by personal service. For most businesses, e-commerce methods provide the equivalent of an information-rich counter attendant rather than a salesperson. This also means that feedback about how people react to product and service offerings also tends to be more granular or perhaps lost using e-commerce approaches. If your only feedback is that people are (or are not) buying your products or services online, this is inadequate for evaluating how to change or improve your e-commerce strategies and/or product and service offerings. Successful business use of e-commerce typically involves strategies for gaining and applying customer feedback. This helps businesses to understand, anticipate and meet changing online customer needs and preferences, which is critical because of the comparatively rapid rate of ongoing Internet-based change.

K). Size and number of transactions

E-commerce is most often conducted using credit card facilities for payments, and as a result very small and very large transactions tend not to be conducted online. The size of transactions is also impacted by the economics of transporting physical goods. For example, any benefits or conveniences of buying a box of pens online from producers in developing countries tend to be eclipsed by the cost of having to pay for them to be delivered to consumer in developed countries. The delivery costs also mean that buying individual items from a range of different overseas businesses is significantly more expensive than buying all of the goods from one overseas business because the goods can be packaged and shipped together.

E-commerce however has some drawbacks. Consumers are hesitant to buy some products online. Online furniture businesses, for example, have failed for the most part because customers want to test the comfort of an expensive item such as a sofa before they purchase it. Many people also consider shopping a social experience. For instance, they may enjoy going to a store or a shopping mall with friends or family, an experience that they cannot duplicate online. Consumers also need to be reassured that credit card transactions are secure and that their privacy is respected.

 

 

Recommendation and conclusion

 Products those are particularly suitable for selling over the Internet

1)      Books :

More than 600 Billion books will be sold at the Internet this year, forecasts say. This should not come as a grand surprise when you realize the marketing power of Amazon.com or Barnes and Noble. The average Internet surfer is well educated, self employed or in a responsible management position. He definitely has a need of information, new trends, but also of relaxing and sit-back time. Many consumers use books for this purpose and enjoy reading. The market is well fitted with the major book sellers; however, small and aggressive entrepreneurs will always have a chance to conquer their niche markets. Therefore in order for you to succeed online selling books you will have to choose a specific high demand book category and focus on this niche

2)      Entertainment

Software, game, music, home videos DVD and Out Sell Feature Films and Movies flowers were $711.3 million, or 26 percent of the $2.8 billion total. The incredible success of DVD video has propelled home video to become America's most popular entertainment medium, surpassing consumer spending on movie tickets, music and mass-market books. Just announced by the DVD Entertainment Group at the International Consumer Electronics Show (CES) in Las Vegas, U.S. consumers spent more than twice as much buying and renting DVDs as they did going to the movies. Last year, consumers spent $20.3 billion buying and renting DVDs versus $9.3 billion moviegoers spent at the theatrical box office.

3)      Traveling Services

An airline ticket, car reservations and hotel reservations was $582.8 million, or 21 percent of the total.

 

 

 

 

Products those are no particularly suitable for selling over the Internet

It is important for any producers in developing countries to follow the policies and legislative accredited by authority and government that producer operate from as selling illegal or prohibited items might lead producer to trail, lose and prison. Here is some items which are prohibited to be sell via Internet 

1. Bootlegs: Bootlegs are generally the rare music CD's, rare movie footages etc. But bootlegs are also movies shot through a video camera by a person who for all you know is your next-door neighbour. There is a large-scale production going on in Asia and US jurisdiction does not apply there. So ‘No' bootlegs are allowed on EBay.

2. Copies: Copies of computer software are abundant and you can find them in Asian markets. It is not just the software but the black markets also sell copies of some of the best PC games too. These copied items are not allowed on eBay. Whatever you sell on EBay has to be original.

3. Counterfeits Copies and pirate Software: Copies of computer software are abundant and you can find them in Asian markets. It is not just the software but the black markets also sell copies of some of the best PC games too. These copied items are not allowed on eBay. Whatever you sell on EBay has to be original.

4. The Replicated products or Items: This is quite similar to copy and yet different. Many people would replicate a Gucci handbag or a RayBan's sunglass. Although they are openly sold in stores all across the US, but they are definitely forbidden for sale at eBay.

5. Firearms and Mass destruction Weapons

Selling firearms and mass destruction weapons are regulated by US law and cannot be placed for sell over e-commerce website.

6. Animal Products: There are organizations fighting to save wild animals and birds from near extinction. It is not allowed to sell any product made from animals or their skin on eBay.

7. Tickets: There are state laws on tickets such a Florida law states that cannot be sold for more than the face value plus $1. Since there are state-to-state restrictions, hence they cannot be sold at eBay.

8. Catalogues: Selling one item is one thing but selling an entire catalogue is a different ball game. The only catalogues that can be sold at eBay are those dealing with collectible items.

9. Alcohol: Sale of alcohol and alcoholic beverages are banned at eBay.

10. Smoking is injurious for health: EBay does not allow sales of cigarette or any kind of tobacco products.

 References

1- D.J. Arnold, J.A. Quelch, New strategies in emerging markets, Sloan Management Review, Fall (1998) 7–20.

 2- BBC News, Poor ‘Miss Out On Net Commerce', 20 November 2003.

http://news.bbc.co.uk/2/hi/technology/3223388.stm.

3- Computer Economics, The global economy is not so global, Internet and E-Business Strategies 4(4) (2000) 1–3.

4-  Sagren Moodley, Mike Morris, Does e-commerce fulfil its promise for developing country (South African) garment export producers? Oxford Development Studies 32 (2) (2004) 155–178.

Chen, Catherine (2003) "A Constructivist

5-Approach to Teaching: Implications in Teaching Computer Networking." Information Technology, Learning, and Performance Journal, Vol. 21, No. 2, pp.17-27.

6-Chopoorian, John and Shouhong Wang (2004) "A Technical Module for the ECommerce Course."  Journal of Information Systems Education, Vol.15, No. 2, pp. 109-111.

7-Lim, Billy (2002) "Teaching Web Development Technologies: Past, Present, and

(Near) Future," Journal of Information systems Education, Vol. 13, No. 2, pp. 117 –

123.

 

 

About the Author

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Sunding Electronic Bicycle Computer/Speedometer $5.3 - Easy installation, all necessary mounts are included- Digital LCD display shows current time while standing by- Water resistent design (can be used while raining)- Powered by 1*CR2023 battery (included); Sensor pack powered by 1*23A 12V battery(included)- Measures and shows the following information:1. SPD - Current Speed -2. ODO - Odometer (total distance) -3. DST - Trip Distance -4. MXS - Maximum Speed -5. AVS - Average Speed -6. TM - Elapsed Time -7. CLK - Clock (12/24H) -8. Scan "+" "-" comparator -9. Speed comparator10. Temperature display (-10~70'C) -11. Setting speed scale (km/h,m/h) -12. Setting tire circumference (0mm~9999mm) -13. Setting the lash value of odometer -14. Auto On/Off -15. Freeze frame memorySpecificationsDimensions: 1.77 in x 1.77 in x 0.71 inWeight: 2.36 oz

A Shortcut Through Time: The Path to A Quantum Computer $8.55 The newest Pentium chip powering PCs and laptops contains 40 million electronic switches packed onto a piece of silicon about the size of a thumbnail. Several years from now, if this incredible shrinking continues, a single chip will hold a billion switches, then a trillion. The logical culmination is a computer in which the switches are so tiny that each consists of an individual atom. At that point something miraculous happens: Quantum mechanics kick in. Anyone who follows the science news or watches 'Star Trek' has at least a notion of what that means: particles can be in two or more places at once. Atoms obey a peculiar logic of their own - and if it can be harnessed society will be transformed. Problems that would now take forever would be solved almost instantly. Quantum computing promises nothing less than a shortcut through time.

Computer Communication and Electronic Ceramic Slot Screwdriver (0.4 x 0.9mm) $8.49 Description:0.4 x 0.9mm Ceramic Screwdriver is resistant to acid. (except hydrofluoric)Electrically and thermally insulated, No magnetism, no affection, no electrostatic and high hardnessUsage: computer, communication and electronic equipmentPortable Ceramic Slot Screwdriver for professional or home toolDimensions of Slot Screwdriver: 10.3cm longColor: yellow, blue and whiteWeight: 11gPackag included:1 x Computer Ceramic Screwdriver

Mini Multipurpose Electronic Brush Cleaner with Fan for Office Computer User $9.99 Description:Mini sleek egg shaped Multipurpose Electronic Cleaner, lovely and useful;Built-in fan function;With tinybrush bottom of it so that be more easy to use, just only need to turn on the switch and then remove the dirt with tinybrush;Computer Cleaner is purposed to remove the dirt caused by eraser, the cigarette ash or dust on the office table, the hair or dust on the garment, the dust on the surface of home appliance, computer keyboard or furniture, the cushion or interior of car etc.Brush Cleaner with Fan powered by 2 AA batteries (not included);Size: ~10.4 x 8.5 x 6cmWeight: 170gPackage content:1 x Mini Brush Cleaner

Sunding Wireless Electronic Bicycle Computer/Speedometer $11.2 - Easy installation, all necessary mounts are included - Digital LCD display shows current time while standing by - Water resistent design (can be used while raining) - Powered by 1*CR2023 battery (included) - Measures and shows the following information: 1. SPD - Current speed 2. ODO - Odometer (Total distance) 3. DST - Trip distance 4. MXS - Maximum speed 5. AVS - Average speed 6. TM - Elapsed time 7. CLK - Clock (12H/24H) 8. Setting speed scale (km/h, m/h) 9. Setting tire circumference 10. Setting the last value of odometer 11. Auto on/offPackage Included: - 1 * Universal sensor transmitter bracket (with 85cm cable) - 1 * Bike computer console - 1 * Mounting shoe - 1 * Wheel magnet - 1 * 3.0V 2032battery - 1 * 23A 12V battery - 1 * English user manual- 1 set * Cable tieSpecificationsDimensions: 1.77 in x 1.77 in x 0.71 in

Electronic Commerce, 8th Edition $110.99 ELECTRONIC COMMERCE, EIGHTH EDITION covers emerging online technologies and trends and their influence on the electronic commerce marketplace. By detailing how the landscape of online commerce is evolving, this leading book reflects changes in the economy and how business and society are responding. In addition to enhanced international coverage, this edition covers topical issues such as spam and phishing, and their role in organized crime, terrorism, identity theft, and online payment fraud. The updated content balances the technological with the strategic business aspects of successful e-commerce.

SUNDING Electronic Bicycle Computer / Speedometer with Stopwatch $9.93 - Easy installation, all necessary mounts are included- Digital LCD display shows current time while standing by- LCD backlight- Powered by 1*CR2023 battery (included)- Measures and shows the following information:?1. SPD-Current Speed?? ?2. ODO-Odometer ?3. DST-Trip Distance? ?4. MXS-Maximum Speed?? ?5. AVS-Average Speed?? ?6. OTM-Total Trip Time ?7. TM-Trip Time???? ?8. RTM-Riding All Time??? ?9. CLK-Clock(12H/24H)?10. SW-Stopwatch???? ?11. Temperature display(-20¡æ~90¡æ) ?12. TM UP-Trip Time Up?? ?13. TM DN-Trip Time Down?? ?14. TRIP UP-Trip Distance Up? ?15. TRIP DN-Trip Distance Down ?16. "+" "-" Comparator ?17. Setting speed scale (km/h,m/h)?18. Maintenance Alert?19. Low-Speed Reminder?20. Care?

1.4' LCD Electronic Bicycle Computer/Speedometer $6.3 - Easy installation, all necessary mounts are included- 1.4" digital LCD display shows current time while standing by- Water resistant design (can be used while raining)- Powered by 1*CR2023 battery (included); Sensor pack powered by 1*23A 12V battery(included)- Measures and shows the following information:1. SPD - Current Speed2. ODO - Odometer (total distance)3. DST - Trip Distance4. MXS - Maximum Speed5. AVS - Average Speed6. TM - Elapsed Time7. CLK - Clock (12/24H)8. Setting speed scale9. Setting tire circumferenceSpecificationsDimensions: 2.09 in x 1.81 in x 0.71 inWeight: 2.79 oz

Diagnosis and Troubleshooting of Automotive Electrical, Electronic, and Computer Systems $117.33 No Synopsis Available

Fashion Portable 2MB SD RAM 2M Pixels Electronic Digital Cameras $16.39 Society today is a digital world. So you have mobile phone, computer, and music player. Every day you are enjoying your life. And every day you are growing older. So you want to record something that you can recall when you are old. Then what you will choose? Here I want to introduce to you a perfect tool--- digital camera. This is a high quality digital camera. The main functions of this digital camera are audio camera. It has 2 mega pixels COMS sensor. Smart, sleek and creative portable digital camera is the perfect companion to all your good times. This portable digital camera is designed with 2mega pixels, which can bring you high definition videos or images. Capture your story in stunning detail with the fashion portable 2MB SD RAM 2M Pixels Electronic digital camera. With the creative freedom to capture the decisive shot, see all the detail of your holiday sunset or follow action in the local football match. Heart moving now? It's time to stop wishing for the next great thing because it's here. Yes, it is the fashion digital camera! Get it now without hesitation! You really deserve to have it!

USB Copper Cable for Electronic Musical Instrument $6 This cable connects your accordion, piano, violin, electronic organ, hand-rolled piano and electric guitar to the computer audio card.

Electronic Commerce, 9th Edition $97.99 E-commerce continues to have a dramatic impact on virtually every aspect of business. And following the Global Economic Crisis, its role is even more critical. Packed with the most cutting-edge coverage available, ELECTRONIC COMMERCE, 9e equips students with a solid understanding of the dynamics of this fast-paced industry. It delivers comprehensive coverage of emerging online technologies and trends and their influence on the electronic commerce marketplace. By detailing how the landscape of online commerce is evolving, this market-leading text reflects changes in the economy and how business and society are responding to those changes. Balancing technological issues with the strategic business aspects of successful e-commerce, the new edition includes expanded coverage of international issues, social networking, mobile commerce, Web 2.0 technologies, and updates on spam, phishing, and identity theft.

Electronic Talking Naval Battle Game $39.99 Electronic Talking Naval Battle combines the strategic brilliance of the classic naval battle game with new interactive excitement. Play against the computer or challenge a friend to the ultimate sea battle! Engage your opponent in a classic naval battle or try the new rapid-fire advanced mode!

Electronics for Computer Technology $191.99 New from Delmar Learning, Electronics for Computer Technology is perfect for today's career-minded students as well as anyone with a keen interest in troubleshooting computer devices, components and electrical circuits. The first chapter introduces system-level topics, including representative systems, system notations, functional hierarchies, system connectivity, and system-level troubleshooting. In subsequent chapters, direct references are made to system applications in order to put each topic in the context of an overall system. Some software (programming) topics are addressed, yet emphasis throughout the book is on hardware, including all of the physical parts of the computer plus various electronic components within the computer. Electronic devices are also discussed, along with an overview of digital electronics, computers, and telecommunications. Readers will learn to apply system-level troubleshooting techniques to localize the detailed troubleshooting effort.

Electronic Media (with InfoTrac®), 1st Edition $135.49 This introduction to electronic mass media balances coverage of cutting-edge new technologies with the history, regulation, and programming topics that are equally important in providing students with a strong foundation for future careers. The text offers broad-based coverage of business structures, sales and economics, radio and television programming, and broadcast news, as well as an up-to-date look at transmission technologies, both audio and video systems, and electronic media distribution technologies. A unique Part IV examines media and media systems in other countries, as well as research into how the media affect our society.

Vector Wristop Computer Watch $199 Suunto Vector is the most legendary of all Suunto outdoor wristops. Equipped with an altimeter, barometer and electronic compa...

Computer Forensics For Dummies - Book $29.99 Uncover a digital trail of e-evidence by using the helpful, easy-to-understand information in Computer Forensics For Dummies! Professional and armchair investigators alike can learn the basics of computer forensics, from digging out electronic evidence to solving the case. You wont need a computer science degree to master e-discovery. Find and filter data in mobile devices, e-mail, and other Web-based technologies. Youll learn all about e-mail and Web-based forensics, mobile forensics, passwords and encryption, and other e-evidence found through VoIP, voicemail, legacy mainframes, and databas

Inspiration Electronic Creative Cutter $529.99 No cartridges necessary! The Pazzles Inspiration Electronic Creative Cutter is the most advanced paper cutting machine available, and includes: Inspiration Electronic Creative Cutter, Inspiration Design Software, 1 blade, a 12" x 12" mat, instruction manual, tutorials, and 300 images! This compact cutter has a 12" cutting width, and can cut vellum, vinyl, cardstock, poster board, and more! Using your home computer, you can design and create home decor, bags, boxes, wearables, and stamps, to name a few! It can draw with your favorite markers and refillable bleach/ink pens. It embosses, engraves, distresses, and pierces. You can design and create your own images using home photos and a scanner. Features great accessories such as the Pen Tool, Embossing Tool, Engraving Tool, Cutting Tool Kit, Vinyl Sticker Material, Engraving Mat, Embossing Mat (each sold separately), and much more! You will need a PC running Windows XP with updates or Vista and one USB port. Size: 6"H x 21.5"W x 10"D. Weight: 12 lbs.

Haynes Techbook Automotive Computer Codes $17.95 Haynes Techbook Automotive Computer Codes & Electronic Engine Management Systems This book makes computer controlled car repair easy. Includes simple do-it-yourself diagnosis so you spend less time banging your head against the wall and more time fixing the problem. Easy access to on-board computer trouble codes and complete, easy to use code charts for all models. Great for both the hobbyist and repair shops. Features over 350 photos and drawings.

Surveillance Society: The Rise Of Antichrist $9.29 Grant Jeffrey's new prophecy book Surveillance Society examines the fascinating predictions that are setting the stage for the rise of the Antichrist and world government in the last days. New advances in the technology of global surveillance are threatening our freedom and privacy. This includes: ·The plans of NATO to create a world government ·Astonishing surveillance technologies that threaten our freedom and privacy ·Your e-mail and Internet surfing is recorded and available for viewing ·The secret Echelon global surveillance that monitors your phone calls ·The threat from computer information weapons ·Global economic war ·The rise of the Antichrist and the world's first super state ·Government and corporate databases contain every detail of your life. From the Trade Paperback edition.

Aberdeen, Maryland Proving Ground (Images of America Series) $21.99 Situated in southeastern Harford County and edged by the Chesapeake Bay and the Bush and Gunpowder Rivers, the U.S. Army bases known as Aberdeen Proving Ground, Edgewood Arsenal, and Fort Hoyle have been home to ordnance, chemical, technology, and artillery commands. The photographs in this volume include scenes of the fertile farmlands of Aberdeen, Edgewood, and Michaelsville, and their transformation, which began in 1917, into the military base known today as Aberdeen Proving Ground, or APG. Views of daily life on base include the "Toonerville" Trolley, a small-scale train that shuttled commuting personnel between the main gate and the buildings on post. The images document changes in the ways wars have been fought and changes in society as a result of war. Brave officers voluntarily tested the effects of mustard agent and other chemical weapons on protective clothing and gas masks. Local women sewed gas masks for troops and civilians. Women moved into key jobs on base during World War II, manufacturing and maintaining tanks and weapons systems as the need for great numbers of troops depleted the workforce of civilian males. APG scientists led the way into the computer age when they developed ENIAC, the first electronic digital computer.

Advances in the Theory of Atomic and Molecular Systems: Conceptual and Computational Advances in Quantum Chemistry $389 Quantum mechanics is the fundamental theory of matter on the microscopic scale. Thanks to conceptual advances and progress in computer technology, its application to the study of atomic and molecular systems, which is of relevance to chemistry, physics, biology, and materials science, is a rapidly developing research area. Advances in the Theory of Atomic and Molecular Systems is a two-volume collection of 33 papers that define its leading edge: they present recent theoretical and computational developments that provide new insights into the structure, properties, and behavior of a variety of atomic and molecular systems. These papers are a selection of some of the most out-standing presentations made at the 13th International Workshop on Quantum Systems in Chemistry and Physics (QSCP-XIII), held at Lansing, Michigan, USA, in July 2008. Since the QSCP-XIII workshop was coordinated with the 6th Congress of the International Society for Theoretical Chemical Physics (ISTCP-VI) held at Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, in July 2008 as well, three of the 33 papers included in the present two volumes have been written by ISTCP-VI participants.The first volume, with the subtitle Conceptual and Computational Advances in Quantum Chemistry, contains 20 papers divided into six parts. The first part focuses on historical overviews. The remaining five parts, entitled "High-Precision Quantum Chemistry", "Beyond Nonrelativistic Theory: Relativity and QED", "Advances in Wave Function Methods", "Advances in Density Functional Theory", and "Advances in Concepts and Models", focus on electronic structure theory and its foundations. The second volume, with the subtitle Dynamics, Spectroscopy, Clusters, and Nanostructures, contains 13 papers divided into three parts: "Quantum Dynamics and Spectroscopy", "Complexes and Clusters", and "Nanostructures and Complex Systems".These two volumes together are an invaluable resource to faculty, graduate students, and

Advances in the Theory of Atomic and Molecular Systems: Dynamics, Spectroscopy, Clusters, and Nanostructures $49.99 Quantum mechanics is the fundamental theory of matter on the microscopic scale. Thanks to conceptual advances and progress in computer technology, its application to the study of atomic and molecular systems, which is of relevance to chemistry, physics, biology, and materials science, is a rapidly developing research area. Advances in the Theory of Atomic and Molecular Systems is a two-volume collection of 33 papers that define its leading edge: they present recent theoretical and computational developments that provide new insights into the structure, properties, and behavior of a variety of atomic and molecular systems. These papers are a selection of some of the most out-standing presentations made at the 13th International Workshop on Quantum Systems in Chemistry and Physics (QSCP-XIII), held at Lansing, Michigan, USA, in July 2008. Since the QSCP-XIII workshop was coordinated with the 6th Congress of the International Society for Theoretical Chemical Physics (ISTCP-VI) held at Vancouver, British Columbia, Canada, in July 2008 as well, three of the 33 papers included in the present two volumes have been written by ISTCP-VI participants.The first volume, with the subtitle Conceptual and Computational Advances in Quantum Chemistry, contains 20 papers divided into six parts. The first part focuses on historical overviews. The remaining five parts, entitled "High-Precision Quantum Chemistry", "Beyond Nonrelativistic Theory: Relativity and QED", "Advances in Wave Function Methods", "Advances in Density Functional Theory", and "Advances in Concepts and Models", focus on electronic structure theory and its foundations. The second volume, with the subtitle Dynamics, Spectroscopy, Clusters, and Nanostructures, contains 13 papers divided into three parts: "Quantum Dynamics and Spectroscopy", "Complexes and Clusters", and "Nanostructures and Complex Systems".These two volumes together are an invaluable resource to faculty, graduate students, and

Alan Turing: The Enigma $128.71 From the Publisher Alan Turing (1912-1954) was a British mathematician who made history: His breaking of the German U-boat Enigma cipher in World War II ensured Allied-American control of the Atlantic. But Turing's vision went far beyond the desperate wartime struggle. Already in the 1930s he had defined the concept of the universal machine, which underpins the computer revolution. In 1945 he was a pioneer of electronic computer design. But Turing's true goal was the scientific understanding of the mind, brought out in the drama and wit of the famous Turing test for machine intelligence, and his prophecy for the twenty-first century. Drawn into the cockpit of world events and the forefront of technological innovation, Alan Turing was also an innocent and unpretentious gay man trying to live in a society that criminalized him. In 1952, he revealed his homosexuality and was forced to participate in a humiliating treatment program, and was ever after regarded as a security risk. His suicide in 1954 remains one of the many enigmas in an astonishing Life story. Both a compelling narrative and a work of scholarship, Alan Turing is the definitive biography of one of the greatest minds of the modern world.

Ambient Intelligence: The Evolution of Technology, Communication and Cognition Towards the Future of Human-Computer Interaction $126 The metaphor of Ambient Intelligence (AmI) tries to picture a vision of the future where all of us will be surrounded by 'intelligent' electronic environments, and this ambient has claims to being sensitive and responsive to our needs. Ambient Intelligence without invasion of privacy represents a long-term vision for the EU Information Society Technologies Research programme. A strong multi-disciplinary and collaborative approach is a key requirement for large-scale technology innovation and the development of effective applications. Up to now, most of the books and papers related to AmI focus their analysis on the technology potential only. An important feature of this volume is the link between the technology - through the concepts of ubiquitous computing and intelligent interface - and the human experience of interacting in the world - through a neuro-psychological vision centred on the concept of 'presence'. Presence - the sense of being there - is the experience of projecting one's mind through media to other places, people and designed environments. The combination of recent discoveries in cognitive neuroscience - which make it possible to acquire a better understanding of the human aspects of presence, and the breakthroughs at the level of the enabling technologies make it increasingly possible to build novel systems based on this understanding. The goal of this volume is to assess the technologies and processes that are behind the AmI vision, in order to help the development of state-of-the-art applications. More in detail, this volume aims at supporting researchers and scientists, interested in the understanding and exploiting the potential of AmI.

Artificial Intelligence. An International Perspective: An International Perspective $64.38 Artificial Intelligence (AI) is a rapidly growing inter-disciplinary field with a long and distinguished history that involves many countries and considerably pre-dates the development of computers. It can be traced back at least as far as Ancient Greece and has evolved over time to become a major subfield of computer science in general.This state-of-the-art survey not only serves as a "position paper" on the field from the viewpoint of expert members of the IFIP Technical Committee 12, its Working Groups and their colleagues, but also presents overviews of current work in different countries.The chapters describe important relatively new or emerging areas of work in which the authors are personally involved, including text and hypertext categorization; autonomous systems; affective intelligence; AI in electronic healthcare systems; artifact-mediated society and social intelligence design; multilingual knowledge management; agents, intelligence and tools; intelligent user profiling; and supply chain business intelligence. They provide an interesting international perspective on where this significant field is going at the end of the first decade of the twenty-first century.

Astronomy Communication $189 Astronomers communicate all the time, with colleagues of course, but also with managers and administrators, with decision makers and takers, with social representatives, with the news media, and with society at large. Education is naturally part of the process. Astronomy communication must take into account several specifics: the astronomy community is rather compact and well organized world-wide; astronomy has penetrated the general public remarkably well with an extensive network of associations and organizations of aficionados all over the world. Also, as a result of the huge amount of data accumulated and by necessity for their extensive international collaborations, astronomers have pioneered the development of distributed resources, electronic communications and networks coupled to advanced methodologies and technologies, often long before they become commonly used world-wide. This book is filling a gap in the astronomy-related literature by providing a set of chapters not only of direct interest to astronomy communication, but also well beyond it. The experts contributing to this book have done their best to write in a way understandable to readers not necessarily hyperspecialized in astronomy nor in communication techniques while providing specific detailed information, as well as plenty of pointers and bibliographic elements. This book will be very useful for researchers, teachers, editors, publishers, librarians, computer scientists, sociologists of science, research planners and strategists, project managers, public-relations officers, plus those in charge of astronomy-related organizations, as well as for students aiming at a career in astronomy or related space science.

B Rgerrechtsorganisation $19.99 Kapitel: Chaos Computer Club, Förderverein Für Eine Freie Informationelle Infrastruktur, Foebud, National Association for the Advancement of Colored People, Arbeitskreis Vorratsdatenspeicherung, Humanistische Union, Soulforce, Business Crime Control, Gesellschaft Zum Schutz Von Bürgerrecht Und Menschenwürde, Mattachine Society, Charta 08, Privacy International, Bündnis Für Politik- Und Meinungsfreiheit, Ligue Internationale Contre le Racisme et L'antisémitisme, Bundesarbeitsgemeinschaft Kritischer Polizistinnen Und Polizisten, Komitee Für Grundrechte Und Demokratie, American Civil Liberties Union, National Coalition for Sexual Freedom, International Commission on Holocaust Era Insurance Claims, Freedom House, Hirschfeld-Eddy-Stiftung, Verein Ehemaliger Heimkinder, German Privacy Foundation, Fathers 4 Justice, Stop1984, Electronic Frontier Foundation, Internationale Liga Für Menschenrechte, National Congress of American Indians, Arbeitskreis Gegen Internetsperren Und Zensur, Batay Ouvriye, Bundesvereinigung Sadomasochismus, Bdsm Berlin, Forum Informatikerinnen Für Frieden Und Gesellschaftliche Verantwortung, Smjg, Native Women's Association of Canada, Libertine Wien, Arge Daten, Lambda Legal, European Gay

Building The E-service Society $195.7 Building the E-Service Society is a state-of-the-art book which deals with innovative trends in communication systems, information processing, and security and trust in electronic commerce, electronic business, and electronic government. It comprises the proceedings of I3E2004, the Fourth International Conference on E-Commerce, E-Business, and E-Government, which was held in August 2004 as a co-located conference of the 18th IFIP World Computer Congress in Toulouse, France, and sponsored by the International Federation for Information Processing (IFIP). The book contains recent results and developments in the following areas: E-Government: E-Government Models and Processes, E-Governance, Service Provisioning. E-Business: Infrastructures and Marketplaces, M-Commerce, Purchase and Payment. E-Commerce: Value Chain Management, E-Business Architectures and Processes, E-Business Models.

Building the E-Service Society $258.87 Used - Building the E-Service Society is a state-of-the-art book which deals with innovative trends in communication systems, information processing, and security and trust in electronic commerce, electronic business, and electronic government. It comprises the proceedings of I3E2004, the Fourth International Conference on E-Commerce, E-Business, and E-Government, which was held in August 2004 as a co-located conference of the 18th IFIP World Computer Congress in Toulouse, France, and sponsored

Building the E-Service Society $258.87 New - Building the E-Service Society is a state-of-the-art book which deals with innovative trends in communication systems, information processing, and security and trust in electronic commerce, electronic business, and electronic government. It comprises the proceedings of I3E2004, the Fourth International Conference on E-Commerce, E-Business, and E-Government, which was held in August 2004 as a co-located conference of the 18th IFIP World Computer Congress in Toulouse, France, and sponsored b

Building the E-Service Society: E-Commerce, E-Business, and E-Government $191.86 Used - Building the E-Service Society is a state-of-the-art book which deals with innovative trends in communication systems, information processing, and security and trust in electronic commerce, electronic business, and electronic government. It comprises the proceedings of I3E2004, the Fourth International Conference on E-Commerce, E-Business, and E-Government, which was held in August 2004 as a co-located conference of the 18th IFIP World Computer Congress in Toulouse, France, and sponsored

Building the E-Service Society: E-Commerce, E-Business, and E-Government $191.86 New - Building the E-Service Society is a state-of-the-art book which deals with innovative trends in communication systems, information processing, and security and trust in electronic commerce, electronic business, and electronic government. It comprises the proceedings of I3E2004, the Fourth International Conference on E-Commerce, E-Business, and E-Government, which was held in August 2004 as a co-located conference of the 18th IFIP World Computer Congress in Toulouse, France, and sponsored b

Communicating Unreality: Modern Media and the Reconstruction of Reality $59.36 New - From interactive, real-time Internet broadcasts to video game-like images of smart bombs on television, our perception of reality is shaped by the mass media. Willing or not, we are a mass mediated society, and the electronic media, especially television and computer-mediated-communication, plays a vital role in our daily lives. Communicating Unreality reviews the images and meanings of our mass-mediated world. With careful attention to the integration of news and entertainment, fact and f

Communicating Unreality: Modern Media and the Reconstruction of Reality $0.99 Used - From interactive, real-time Internet broadcasts to video game-like images of smart bombs on television, our perception of reality is shaped by the mass media. Willing or not, we are a mass mediated society, and the electronic media, especially television and computer-mediated-communication, plays a vital role in our daily lives. Communicating Unreality reviews the images and meanings of our mass-mediated world. With careful attention to the integration of news and entertainment, fact and

Communicating Unreality: Modern Media and the Reconstruction of Reality $160.45 New - From interactive, real-time Internet broadcasts to video game-like images of smart bombs on television, our perception of reality is shaped by the mass media. Willing or not, we are a mass mediated society, and the electronic media, especially television and computer-mediated-communication, plays a vital role in our daily lives. Communicating Unreality reviews the images and meanings of our mass-mediated world. With careful attention to the integration of news and entertainment, fact and f

Companies Established in 1959: Amway, National Semiconductor, Computer Sciences Corporation, Bristol Siddeley, Kwik Save, Marcos $23.99 Used - Please note that the content of this book primarily consists of articles available from Wikipedia or other free sources online. Pages: 67. Chapters: Amway, National Semiconductor, Computer Sciences Corporation, Bristol Siddeley, Kwik Save, Marcos, MEMC Electronic Materials, Mitre 10, Aramark, GE Jenbacher, Speedway Motorsports, A&B Sound, Le Ch teau, Pyramid Building Society, MASA, Speedway LLC, Gemco, Anadarko Petroleum Corporation, Grass Valley, Asahi Sonorama, Henning Larsen Architects

Computer Confluence Complete $121.86 Computer Confluence is more than a book: it's the confluence of three media resources: an illustrated textbook, a state-of-the-art CD-ROM, and up-to-the-minute web site. Computer Confluence goes beyond computer concepts and explores the promise and problems of information technology, how it affects people and society, and the future. Since 1994, thousands of students have been introduced to computers through the authors' unique approach. After an illustrative introductory chapter on computer basics, the book covers such topics as: hardware and software basics, graphics, digital media, and software media, networking and telecommunication, security and risks, and the internet and world wide web; as well as business information systems, electronic commerce, and e-business. An excellent reference resource for anyone interested in computers and computer concepts.

Computer Literacy for IC3 Unit 3: Living Online $0.01 Written to provide all readers with an opportunity to learn and demonstrate computer and Internet literacy. Computer Literary for IC3 was written to align with a certification called “Internet and Computing Core Certification (IC3)”. This certification is for users who want to demonstrate critical computer and Internet skills valued in today’s academic and professional environments. The Computer Literacy for IC3 text is written to meet the certification standards and provide students with a broad understanding of the key components of computer literacy in order to prepare for the exam.This certification has 3 units:• Unit 1: Computing Fundamentals (computer concepts)• Unit 2: Using Productivity Software• Unit 3: Living Online (the Internet)Each of these units is available as a separate Computer Literacy for IC3 text. This text contains: Unit 3: Living Online and covers basics of the Internet, including networks and the Internet, electronic mail, using the Internet, and the impact of computing and the Internet on society. The second edition of Computer Literacy for IC3 has been revised to keep up with the IC3 program’s evolution, which reflects the recent changes in computers and technology. Instead of publishing one large, comprehensive text, the three units are now available as separate, smaller texts.Understanding the Internet; Gathering Information Online; Buying, Selling, and Banking Online; Communicating Online; Working Online; Identifying Technology Convergence and Its Social ImpactComputer Literacy for IC3 prepares readers from the IC3 certification, which ensures that they have all the core skills needed to work in today’s technological environment.

Computer Security $5 Used - We live in a wired society, with computers containing and passing around vital information on both personal and public matters. Keeping this data safe is of paramount concern to all. Yet, not a day seems able to pass without some new threat to our computers. Unfortunately, the march of technology has given us the benefits of computers and electronic tools, while also opening us to unforeseen dangers. Identity theft, electronic spying, and the like are now standard worries. In the effort t

Computer Security: Protecting Digital Resources $24.2 Used - Today, society is faced with numerous internet schemes, fraudulent scams, and identity theft that threaten our safety and our peace of mind. Computer Security: Protecting Digital Resources provides a broad approach to computer-related crime, electronic commerce, corporate networking, and internet security, topics that have become increasingly important as more and more threats are made on our internet environment. This book is oriented toward the average computer user, business profession

Confessions of a Technophile $46.16 New - Branscomb's principal theme is that the benefits of science do not flow freely out of the laboratory; rather, superior advances come into our lives because people - in industry, universities, and government - anticipate the future and cooperate to achieve desirable ends. "Technology, " says Branscomb, "is an expression of the values of the society that creates and uses it." Branscomb takes us on a tour of emerging information technologies - computer software, electronic libraries, video di

Contemporary Orthodontics e-dition: Text with Continually Updated Online Reference $223 Now it's easier than ever to stay on the leading edge of orthodontics with this acclaimed text. Keep a reference copy at your desk and go online from any computer to instantly search the entire contents whenever and wherever you need authoritative guidance. The e-dition gives you continually updated information on diagnosis, treatment planning, technologies, controversies, and more.An introductory chapter on the state of malocclusion and dentofacial deformity in society today paves the way for the basic concepts of orthodontics and dentition problems during different stages of development.Several chapters provide detailed information on diagnosis, treatment planning concepts and related problems or controversies.Covers related interdisciplinary treatment approaches, when appropriate, to elucidate the orthodontist's potential role in an overall team treatment environment.The website includes:Instant access to all of the book's topics.Frequent updates of content prepared by the authors. Links to the text's references and to professional websites. An electronic image collection that you can download for review of key principles and presentations to colleagues or students. The book's 4th edition includes:A NEW full-color design with over 1,400 new color clinical photographs and illustrations.Application of the "soft tissue paradigm" to modern orthodontic practice.Critical evaluation of controversies in treatment approaches and treatment timing.NEW information on the use of cone beam CT for 3-dimensional evaluation of dental and facial dimensions and relationships, and 3-D superimpositions to evaluate treatment response.Problem-oriented treatment planning, with use of digital technology.Updated content on biomechanics and modern orthodontic appliance systems.NEW skeletal

Culture Of The Internet $69.95 As we begin a new century, the astonishing spread of nationally and internationally accessible computer-based communication networks has touched the imagination of people everywhere. Suddenly, the Internet is in everyday parlance, featured in talk shows, in special business "technology" sections of major newspapers, and on the covers of national magazines. If the Internet is a new world of social behavior it is also a new world for those who study social behavior. This volume is a compendium of essays and research reports representing how researchers are thinking about the social processes of electronic communication and its effects in society. Taken together, the chapters comprise a first gathering of social psychological research on electronic communication and the Internet. The authors of these chapters work in different disciplines and have different goals, research methods, and styles. For some, the emergence and use of new technologies represent a new perspective on social and behavioral processes of longstanding interest in their disciplines. Others want to draw on social science theories to understand technology. A third group holds to a more activist program, seeking guidance through research to improve social interventions using technology in domains such as education, mental health, and work productivity. Each of these goals has influenced the research questions, methods, and inferences of the authors and the "look and feel" of the chapters in this book. Intended primarily for researchers who seek exposure to diverse approaches to studying the human side of electronic communication and the Internet, this volume has three purposes: • to illustrate how scientists are thinking about the social processes and effects of electronic communication; • to encourage research-based contributions to current debates on electronic communication design, applications, and policies; and • to suggest, by example, how studies of

Cyber Cities $72.19 New - In these polemical essays, urban historian M. Christine Boyer argues that the computer is to contemporary society what the machine was to modernism, and that this metaphor profoundly affects the way we ultimately grasp reality. But there is, she believes, an inherent danger here: as cyberspace pulls us into its electronic grasp, we withdraw from the world and risk becoming incapable of action in a real city plagued by crime, hatred, disease, unemployment, and under-education. Boyer examine

Cyber Cities $9.5 Used - In these polemical essays, urban historian M. Christine Boyer argues that the computer is to contemporary society what the machine was to modernism, and that this metaphor profoundly affects the way we ultimately grasp reality. But there is, she believes, an inherent danger here: as cyberspace pulls us into its electronic grasp, we withdraw from the world and risk becoming incapable of action in a real city plagued by crime, hatred, disease, unemployment, and under-education. Boyer examin

Digital Libraries in Computer Science: The MeDoc Approach $69.95 This book coherently documents the results and experiences of a major digital library pilot effort, the MeDoc project (Multimedia Electronic Documents). This two-year project was initiated by the German Informatics Society (GI) and involved authors, publishers, librarians, and computer science departments. The prototype distributed digital library system developed during the initiative was operated in a nationwide trial for several months. The book presents the technical and operational results achieved during the project as well as input from foreign digital library activities. Besides professionals active in the area of digital library research and design, this book addresses librarians and others engaged in scientific publishing.

Drawing Plan Graphics on the Computer - Volume 1 - Principles, Strategies, and Techniques $15 Computer graphics should look better. Most computer drawings simply do not possess the same clarity or artistry of hand-drawn graphics.We can draw better on the computer. In this book, we learn how. First, we will address and dismiss some common myths and misconceptions about drawing on the computer. Then we will look at some examples of what computer plan graphics can, and should, look like. Next we will learn the principles, strategies, and techniques for drawing well on the computer--skills that you can apply to any computer graphics software on the market. And finally, we will look at some practical, explicit, step-by-step drawing examples using the most familiar and popular graphics software today, Adobe Photoshop. This eBook is derived from the book "Drawing Plan Graphics on the Computer" by C. Carlyle Rood, recipient of the Award of Excellence by the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA-Georgia Chapter) in 2010. The original book is available by print-on-demand at www.DrawingPlanGraphics.com. Because the original book has hundreds of illustrations and screenshots, it was impractical to publish it as one volume of an eBook. Either the quality of the graphics had to be compromised, or the number of images had to be reduced. Instead, the author elected to divide the original book into three volumes. This allowed him to optimize the illustrations for an electronic format, as well as include all original graphics. The ordering of the step-by-step examples follows the sequence in the original book. Volume 1 provides the foundation for the instruction and includes all the principles, strategies, and techniques taught in the original book. Volumes 2 and 3 demonstrate step-by-step examples of drawing plan graphics using the principles, strategies, and techniques taught in Volume 1. All the examples in Volumes 2 and 3 are demonstrated using Adobe Photoshop. Volume 2 includes examples of functional graphics

Drawing Plan Graphics on the Computer - Volume 2 - Step-by-Step Examples 1 of 2 $5 Computer graphics should look better. Most computer drawings simply do not possess the same clarity or artistry of hand-drawn graphics.We can draw better on the computer. In this book, we learn how. First, we will address and dismiss some common myths and misconceptions about drawing on the computer. Then we will look at some examples of what computer plan graphics can, and should, look like. Next we will learn the principles, strategies, and techniques for drawing well on the computer--skills that you can apply to any computer graphics software on the market. And finally, we will look at some practical, explicit, step-by-step drawing examples using the most familiar and popular graphics software today, Adobe Photoshop. This eBook is derived from the book "Drawing Plan Graphics on the Computer" by C. Carlyle Rood, recipient of the Award of Excellence by the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA-Georgia Chapter) in 2010. The original book is available by print-on-demand at www.DrawingPlanGraphics.com. Because the original book has hundreds of illustrations and screenshots, it was impractical to publish it as one volume of an eBook. Either the quality of the graphics had to be compromised, or the number of images had to be reduced. Instead, the author elected to divide the original book into three volumes. This allowed him to optimize the illustrations for an electronic format, as well as include all original graphics. The ordering of the step-by-step examples follows the sequence in the original book. Volume 1 provides the foundation for the instruction and includes all the principles, strategies, and techniques taught in the original book. Volumes 2 and 3 demonstrate step-by-step examples of drawing plan graphics using the principles, strategies, and techniques taught in Volume 1. All the examples in Volumes 2 and 3 are demonstrated using Adobe Photoshop. Volume 2 includes examples of functional graphics (circulation,

Drawing Plan Graphics on the Computer - Volume 3 - Step-by-Step Examples 2 of 2 $5 Computer graphics should look better. Most computer drawings simply do not possess the same clarity or artistry of hand-drawn graphics.We can draw better on the computer. In this book, we learn how. First, we will address and dismiss some common myths and misconceptions about drawing on the computer. Then we will look at some examples of what computer plan graphics can, and should, look like. Next we will learn the principles, strategies, and techniques for drawing well on the computer--skills that you can apply to any computer graphics software on the market. And finally, we will look at some practical, explicit, step-by-step drawing examples using the most familiar and popular graphics software today, Adobe Photoshop. This eBook is derived from the book "Drawing Plan Graphics on the Computer" by C. Carlyle Rood, recipient of the Award of Excellence by the American Society of Landscape Architects (ASLA-Georgia Chapter) in 2010. The original book is available by print-on-demand at www.DrawingPlanGraphics.com. Because the original book has hundreds of illustrations and screenshots, it was impractical to publish it as one volume of an eBook. Either the quality of the graphics had to be compromised, or the number of images had to be reduced. Instead, the author elected to divide the original book into three volumes. This allowed him to optimize the illustrations for an electronic format, as well as include all original graphics.The ordering of the step-by-step examples follows the sequence in the original book. Volume 1 provides the foundation for the instruction and includes all the principles, strategies, and techniques taught in the original book. Volumes 2 and 3 demonstrate step-by-step examples of drawing plan graphics using the principles, strategies, and techniques taught in Volume 1. All the examples in Volumes 2 and 3 are demonstrated using Adobe Photoshop. Volume 2 includes examples of functional

El arte de narrar en la era de las blogoficciones: Una aproximacion interdisciplinaria a la literatura en los blogs. $69 This dissertation constitutes an interdisciplinary approach to electronic narratives, which explores the impact of recent technological developments in the literary field. The work of theorists and scholars such as Henry Jenkins, Jean Baudrillard, Lev Manovich, Albert-Laszlo Barabasi, Erving Goffman, Sherry Turkle, George Landow, Marie-Laure Ryan and Espen Aarseth, among many others, are applied to the study of how key sociological and narratological concepts acquire new meanings when implemented in an electronic environment. More specifically, this research provides evidence of how emerging media culture challenges the traditional concepts of authorship, textuality, fictionality, sequential structure, and readership, with tendencies toward anonimity, pseudonymity, collaborative authorship, hypertextual narrative structures, and the reader's involvement in the creative process. Chapter One lays out the methodology used for the study of blog-fictions. This chapter proposes an interdisciplinary approach to blogging which combines the contributions made in several fields of study within digital humanities: computer-mediated communication theory, hypertext theory, Internet ethnography, social network theory, narratology of hypertext, research on blogging and Web 2.0, ludology and performance studies. The purpose of this chapter is to conceptualize the study of blog-fictions both as an expression of information society in its current state, and as a new fictional genre that challenges traditional narrative concepts. In Chapter Two ("Blogosphere: a network of social convergences"), the center of analysis concerns the study of the blogger as a social type who reproduces its social life on the Internet. This chapter studies the peculiar and new ways in which bloggers communicate with each other and create social networks through the production and distribution of texts, hyperlinks, and multimedia artifacts. Chapter Three presents a theory of the blog-text focussing on its

Electronics: The Life Story of a Technology (Greenwood Technographies Series) $49.95 Electronics is the first book of its kind—a comprehensive account of the history of one of the late 20th century's greatest technologies—the field of electron devices. Some of these devices, the laser and the microchip for example, have become household words, but their origins and operation are largely unknown to the general public. Other devices that form the heart of important electronic systems are virtually unknown outside the field of engineering. Electronics is the first book to survey the histories of all these devices, showing how they relate to each other and to the world we live in. This work will be accessible to those without a technical background, but is precise enough for an engineer.The development of electronic devices was central to many of the most important historical events of the last 50 years, such as the introduction of television, Cold War, the Space Race, the rise of Asian semiconductor manufacturers, and the emergence of the surveillance society—this book explores them all. In addition, Electronics examines the fascinating stories of how scientists and engineers created these devices in the first place: One organization, the Bell Telephone Laboratories, was responsible for either the invention or, perhaps more importantly, the commercialization of many of the most important advances in the field.The book explains the origins and impact of a series of now-familiar technologies, including the Magnetron tube used to power microwave ovens, the CRT (television and computer display), the laser, the first integrated circuit, the microprocessor, and memory chips. The transistor—a single invention created to solve a specific engineering problem—was taken up by numerous researchers and transformed a technology—the so-called semiconductor devices—with an astonishing breadth of applications and a nearly ubiquitous presence. The book includes a timeline and a

Encyclopedia of Cybercrime $65 There are today no more compelling sets of crime and security threats facing nations, communities, organizations, groups, families and individuals than those encompassed by cybercrime. For over fifty years crime enabled by computing and telecommunications technologies have increasingly threatened societies as they have become reliant on information systems for sustaining modernized living. Cybercrime is not a new phenomenon, rather an evolving one with respect to adoption of information technology (IT) for abusive and criminal purposes. Further, by virtue of the myriad ways in which IT is abused, it represents a technological shift in the nature of crime rather than a new form of criminal behavior. In other words, the nature of crime and its impacts on society are changing to the extent computers and other forms of IT are used for illicit purposes. Understanding the subject, then, is imperative to combatting it and to addressing it at various levels.This work is the first comprehensive encyclopedia to address cybercrime. Topical articles address all key areas of concern and specifically those having to with: terminology, definitions and social constructs of crime; national infrastructure security vulnerabilities and capabilities; types of attacks to computers and information systems; computer abusers and cybercriminals; criminological, sociological, psychological and technological theoretical underpinnings of cybercrime; social and economic impacts of crime enabled with information technology (IT) inclusive of harms experienced by victims of cybercrimes and computer abuse; emerging and controversial issues such as online pornography, the computer hacking subculture and potential negative effects of electronic gaming and so-called computer addiction; bodies and specific examples of U.S. federal laws and regulations that help to prevent cybercrimes; examples and perspectives of law enforcement, regulatory and professional member associations concerned

Encyclopedia of Microcomputers: Volume 6 - Electronic Dictionaries in Machine Translation to Evaluation of Software: Microsoft Word Version 4.0 $88.84 Used - "The Encyclopedia of Microcomputers serves as the ideal companion reference to the popular Encyclopedia of Computer Science and Technology. Now in its 10th year of publication, this timely reference work details the broad spectrum of microcomputer technology, including microcomputer history; explains and illustrates the use of microcomputers throughout academe, business, government, and society in general; and assesses the future impact of this rapidly changing technology."

Encyclopedia of Privacy $25.65 Writing in their famous Harvard Law Review article of 1890, Louis Brandeis and Samuel Warren asserted what many have considered one of the most cherished American values: the right to be let alone. Yet in this post-9/11 world, it seems that personal privacy is under siege. New threats to privacy have arisen in the face of competing social, political, and economic demands, rapid technological change, and an intrusive and voyeuristic mass media. Citizens are barraged on a daily basis with stories of corporate data mining, government surveillance programs, identity theft, and computer hacking of personal information. As a result, citizens are becoming increasingly concerned about their personal privacy as well as their privacy rights. This encyclopedia, the first of its kind, comprehensively overviews various aspects of privacy throughout U.S. history, including significant legal cases, events, laws, organizations, individuals, technology, and terms. With some 225 alphabetically arranged entries written by more than 100 leading scholars and experts in the field, this inclusive and authoritative work will appeal to those interested in both historical and contemporary notions of privacy in the United States. Readers will learn of the significance of technology in today's society, its helpful and harmful effects on citizens' privacy, and what to expect in the future. Entries Include: Abortion Anti-Wire Tap Statutes Biometric Identifiers Carnivore COINTELPRO Data Brokers DNA and DNA Banking Freedom of Information Act Global Positioning Satellites Identity Fraud Library Records National Identification Card Open Meeting Laws Privacy Torts Right to Be Let Alone Search Warrant Social SecurityNumber Telecommunications Act of 1996 Telemarketing United States Postal Service USA Patriot Act Workplace Privacy And Many More. Entries cite print and electronic resources, and the Encyclopedia closes with a listing of books, organizations, websites, films, and other sources of informa